here are some common object-oriented programming (OOP) interview questions and answers

Q: What is object-oriented programming?

A: Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that revolves around the concept of objects, which are instances of classes. OOP focuses on encapsulating data and behavior into objects, which can then communicate with each other through methods.

Q: What is the difference between abstraction and encapsulation?

A: Abstraction is the process of identifying the essential features of an object and ignoring the rest. Encapsulation is the process of hiding the implementation details of an object from the outside world. Abstraction is concerned with what an object does, while encapsulation is concerned with how it does it.

Q: What is inheritance in OOP?

A: Inheritance is a mechanism in OOP that allows a class to inherit properties and methods from a parent class. The child class, or subclass, inherits all the properties and methods of the parent class, or superclass, and can also add its own properties and methods.

Q: What is polymorphism in OOP?

A: Polymorphism is the ability of objects to take on multiple forms. In OOP, polymorphism can be achieved through method overriding, where a subclass provides its own implementation of a method that is already defined in its parent class, or through method overloading, where a class provides multiple methods with the same name but different parameters.

Q: What is the SOLID principle in OOP?

A: The SOLID principle is a set of principles for writing high-quality, maintainable code in OOP. The five principles are Single Responsibility, Open-Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, and Dependency Inversion. Each principle focuses on a different aspect of good OOP design, such as minimizing the number of responsibilities for a class or making code more extensible.

Q: What is the difference between an interface and an abstract class?

A: An interface is a contract that specifies the methods that a class must implement, while an abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated, but can contain abstract methods as well as concrete methods. A class can implement multiple interfaces, but can only inherit from one abstract class. An interface only provides a contract for the methods that must be implemented, whereas an abstract class can provide some default implementation for the methods.

Q: What is the difference between a class and an object?

A: A class is a blueprint or template for creating objects, while an object is an instance of a class. A class defines the properties and methods that objects of that class will have, while objects are actual instances of those properties and methods with specific values and behaviors.

These are just a few examples of the many possible OOP interview questions. Remember to provide clear, concise answers that demonstrate your understanding of OOP principles and your ability to apply them to real-world scenarios.

Here are some commonly asked design patterns interview questions and answers

Q: What are design patterns?

A: Design patterns are general reusable solutions to common problems that occur in software design. They provide proven solutions to common software design challenges and can improve the quality and maintainability of software.

Q: What are the types of design patterns?

A: There are three main types of design patterns: creational patterns, structural patterns, and behavioral patterns.

Q: What is the Singleton design pattern?

A: The Singleton pattern is a creational pattern that ensures that only one instance of a class is created and provides a global point of access to that instance. This pattern is often used for resources that are expensive to create or need to be shared across the application.

Q: What is the Factory design pattern?

A: The Factory pattern is a creational pattern that provides an interface for creating objects in a superclass, but allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created. This pattern is often used when you don't know the exact types of objects you need to create until runtime.

Q: What is the Observer design pattern?

A: The Observer pattern is a behavioral pattern that defines a one-to-many dependency between objects, so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified and updated automatically. This pattern is often used in event-driven architectures, where one component needs to notify other components of its state changes.

Q: What is the Strategy design pattern?

A: The Strategy pattern is a behavioral pattern that allows you to define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one, and make them interchangeable at runtime. This pattern is often used when you need to change the behavior of an object dynamically, depending on the context or user input.

Q: What is the Decorator design pattern?

A: The Decorator pattern is a structural pattern that allows you to add functionality to an object dynamically, without changing its core functionality. This pattern is often used when you need to add features or functionality to an object at runtime, without modifying its source code.

Q: What is the MVC design pattern?

A: The Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern is a design pattern that separates the presentation layer (the view) from the data and logic layers (the model and controller). This pattern is often used in web development and GUI applications to improve separation of concerns and maintainability.

Q: What is the Dependency Injection design pattern?

A: The Dependency Injection (DI) pattern is a design pattern that separates the creation of objects and their dependencies from their usage, and provides these dependencies to the object at runtime. This pattern is often used to reduce coupling between objects, improve testability, and increase flexibility and maintainability of the application.

These are just a few commonly asked design patterns interview questions and answers. Be sure to study and practice before your interview, and be prepared to discuss your experience and knowledge of design patterns in depth.

What is ASP.NET Core?

 

Q: What is ASP.NET Core?

A: ASP.NET Core is an open-source, cross-platform, high-performance web framework for building modern web applications, including web APIs and microservices.

Q: What are some benefits of using ASP.NET Core?

A: Some benefits of using ASP.NET Core include cross-platform compatibility, built-in dependency injection, modularity, improved performance, and enhanced security.

Q: What is middleware in ASP.NET Core?

A: Middleware is software components that are used to handle requests and responses in an ASP.NET Core application. Middleware components can be added or removed to customize the request and response pipeline.

Q: What is the difference between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core?

A: ASP.NET Core is a cross-platform, open-source, and modular web framework, whereas ASP.NET is a Windows-only web framework that is not open-source. ASP.NET Core also has improved performance and supports cross-platform development.

Q: What is the use of the ConfigureServices method in ASP.NET Core?

A: The ConfigureServices method is used to configure services that are used by the application, such as dependency injection, authentication, and authorization services.

Q: What is dependency injection in ASP.NET Core?

A: Dependency injection is a design pattern used to create and manage dependencies between objects in an application. ASP.NET Core has built-in support for dependency injection, which makes it easier to manage dependencies and create more modular and testable code.

Q: How do you implement authentication and authorization in ASP.NET Core?

A: Authentication and authorization can be implemented in ASP.NET Core using middleware components, such as the Authentication and Authorization middleware. ASP.NET Core also has built-in support for popular authentication providers, such as OAuth and OpenID Connect.

Q: What is the difference between Razor Pages and MVC in ASP.NET Core?

A: Razor Pages is a new feature in ASP.NET Core that allows developers to create web pages with less overhead than traditional MVC applications. Razor Pages are simpler and have less code, but they are less flexible than MVC applications.

Q: How do you deploy an ASP.NET Core application?

A: ASP.NET Core applications can be deployed to various platforms, including Windows, Linux, and Docker containers. You can deploy an ASP.NET Core application using various methods, such as deploying to a web server or deploying to a cloud platform like Azure.

Q: What is SignalR in ASP.NET Core?

A: SignalR is a real-time communication library for ASP.NET Core that allows developers to add real-time functionality to web applications, such as chat applications, stock tickers, and real-time dashboards. SignalR uses WebSockets by default but can fall back to other communication protocols if WebSockets are not supported.

These are just a few commonly asked ASP.NET Core interview questions and answers. Be sure to study and practice before your interview, and be prepared to discuss your experience and knowledge of ASP.NET Core in depth.

What is ASP.NET MVC?

 

What is ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: ASP.NET MVC is a web development framework used to build dynamic and scalable web applications. It follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern and is based on the Microsoft .NET Framework.

What is the difference between ASP.NET MVC and Web Forms?

Answer: ASP.NET MVC is a model-view-controller framework used for building web applications, while Web Forms is an event-driven programming model used for building web applications. In MVC, the presentation logic is separated from the business logic, while in Web Forms, the presentation logic and business logic are combined in a single file.

What is Routing in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: Routing is a process of mapping a URL to a controller action in an ASP.NET MVC application. It allows us to define URLs that are human-readable and search engine-friendly.

What is the difference between ViewData, ViewBag, and TempData in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: ViewData, ViewBag, and TempData are used to pass data between a controller and a view in an ASP.NET MVC application. ViewData is a dictionary-like object that stores data as key-value pairs, ViewBag is a dynamic object that stores data as properties, and TempData is a dictionary-like object that stores data temporarily between two consecutive requests.

What is a partial view in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: A partial view is a reusable view that can be included in multiple views or layouts in an ASP.NET MVC application. It allows us to break down complex views into smaller, more manageable parts.

What is the use of HTML Helpers in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: HTML Helpers are methods used to generate HTML controls in an ASP.NET MVC application. They simplify the process of creating HTML controls by providing a set of methods that can be used to generate commonly used HTML controls.

What is the difference between ViewData and TempData in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: ViewData is used to pass data from a controller to a view in an ASP.NET MVC application, while TempData is used to pass data between two consecutive requests. TempData is used to store data temporarily between two consecutive requests, while ViewData is not.

What is the use of Filters in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: Filters are used to perform additional processing before or after an action method is executed in an ASP.NET MVC application. They can be used to perform tasks such as authentication, logging, and exception handling.

What is the difference between JsonResult and ViewResult in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: JsonResult is used to return JSON data from a controller action in an ASP.NET MVC application, while ViewResult is used to return a view. JsonResult is used when we want to return data to a client-side script, while ViewResult is used when we want to render a view.

What is the use of the ModelState object in ASP.NET MVC?

Answer: The ModelState object is used to store the state of a model object in an ASP.NET MVC application. It can be used to validate user input and to display error messages on a form. It provides a simple way to validate user input and to prevent invalid data from being submitted to the server.

x

How to enable Session in ASP.NET Core?

The middleware for the session is provided by the package Microsoft.AspNetCore.Session.

1. To use the session in ASP.NET Core application, we need to add this package to csproj file and add the Session middleware to ASP.NET Core request pipeline.

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, TwebHostEnvironment env)

{

if(env.IsDevelopment())

app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();

else

{

app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");

//The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production

app.Useнsts();

}

app.UseSession();

app.UseHttpsRedirection(); app.UseStaticFiles();

app.UseAuthentication();

app.UseRouting();

app.UseAuthorization();

app.useEndpoints (endpoints =>

{

endpoints.MapController Route(

name: "default",

pattern: "(controller-Home)/(action-Index}/{id}");

});

}

Explain routing in ASP.NET Core

► Routing is functionality that map incoming request to the route handler.

► The Routing uses routes for map incoming request with route handler and Generate URL that used in response.

►The route can have values (extract them from URL) that used to process the request.

►Using the route, routing can find route handler based on URL.

► All the routes are registered when the application is started.

► There are two types of touting supported by ASP.NET Core.

1.The conventional routing

2.Attribute routing

What are the various JSON files available in ASP.NET Core?

Following JSON files are available in the ASP.NET Core

appsettings.json

bundleconfig.json

launchsettings.json

bower.json

package.json

global.json

What is WebListener?

► WebListener is a web server in ASP.NET Core that runs only on Windows host machines.

► It is an alternative to Kestrel and is built on HttpSys kernel-mode driver.

► Also, is used for direct connection to the internet without the need of an IIS as a reverse proxy server.

It is not compatible with IIS.

What is the difference between services.AddTransient & service.AddScoped & service.AddSingleton methods are Asp.Net Core?

 Transient objects are created for every request (when requested).

 The service can be added as Transient using AddTransient method of IServiceCollection.

 This lifetime can be used in stateless service and it is a way to add lightweight service.

Scoped objects are the same within a request, but different across different requests.

 ASP.NET Core will create and share an instance of the service per request to the application.

It will create a new instance in the new request.

he service can be added as scoped using an AddScoped method of IServiceCollection.

Singleton objects created the first time they're requested (or when ConfigureServices is run and an instance is specified with the service registration).

What is the difference between IApplicationBuilder.Use() and IApplicationBuilder.Run()?

► We can use both the methods in Configure methods of startup class.

Both are used to add middleware delegate to the application request pipeline.

►The middleware adds using IApplication Builder. Use may call the next middleware in the pipeline whereas the middleware adds using IApplication Builder.Run method never calls the subsequent or next middleware.

► After IApplicationBuilder.Run method, system stop adding middleware in request pipeline.